S
Savannah: Grassland with scattered trees or
shrubs; often a transitional type between true grassland and forestland, and
accompanied by a climate with alternating wet and dry seasons.
Season of use: The time during which livestock
grazing is permitted on a given range area, as specified in the grazing permit.
Seasonal grazing: Grazing restricted to one or more specific seasons of the
year.
Sequence grazing: The grazing of two or more
land units in succession that differ in forage species composition. Sequence
grazing takes advantage of differences among forage species and species combinations,
grown in separate areas for management purposes, to extend grazing seasons enhance
forage quality and/or quantity, or achieve some other management objective.
Short-duration grazing: Grazing management
whereby short periods (days) of grazing and associated non-grazing are applied
to range or pasture units. The lengths of grazing and non-grazing periods are
based on the rate of plant growth.
Shrub: Any species of woody plant of less
than tree height (16 feet) and usually having multiple basal stems.
Shrubland: Land on which the vegetation is dominated by shrubs.
SPA: The Special Programme for Africa (full
name: The Special Programme for Sub-Saharan African Countries Affected by Drought
and Desertification).
Species composition: The proportions of various
plant species in relation to the total on a given area.
Steppe: Semi-arid grassland characterised
by short grasses occurring in scattered bunches with other herbaceous vegetation
and occasional woody species.
Stocking rate: The number of specific kinds
and classes of animals grazing or using a unit of land for specified time. May
be expressed as animal units or forage intake units per unit of land area (animal
units over a described time period/area of land).
Strip grazing: Confining animals to an area
of grazing land to be grazed in a relatively short period of time, where the
paddock size is varied to allow access to a specific land. Strip grazing may
or may not be a form of rotational stocking, depending on whether or not specific
paddocks are utilised for recurring periods of grazing and rest.
SU: Stock Unit.
Substitution ratio: Number of animals or animal-units
of one kind or class that can be substituted for another kind or class to meet
a specified management objective.
Sum: District in Mongolia.