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Objectives
The main objectives of the programme were to:
- Rehabilitate and develop the economy of the Kidal area and reduce
the risk of economic collapse during future droughts.
- Assist in the voluntary return and socio-economic reintegration of
destitute pastoralists living under precarious conditions in neighbouring
areas, northern Algeria in particular.
- Promote sustainable herder associations for self-support and as a
basis for resisting future droughts.
- Increase food production through improved techniques for agriculture
and livestock management.
- Promote environmental protection through rational pasture management,
building on traditional experience and backed up by appropriate policies
Activities
 The
major programme components were:
- development of local institutional capacity;
- credit;
- pastoral development;
- oasis agriculture development;
- social services (health and education);
- rural infrastructure development;
- studies and surveys;
- programme management;
- creation of a local development fund; and
- reintegration of displaced persons.
Outcome
The programme was affected by the Touareg rebellion in Northern
Mali between 1990 and 1994, and implementation was seriously delayed.
However, with the return of peace, the programme assisted in the resettlement
of about 30 000 returnees instead of the 3 000 initially foreseen.
With the ever-increasing need for resettlement in the region,
the programme’s formerly positive impact diminished significantly.
It is reported to have helped mobilize a number of grass-roots organizations
and to have helped in developing local water resources for drinking water
supply, vegetable gardening and watering points for cattle.
The programme fell short of its original targets and objectives
in the areas of health, education, oasis development and herd reconstruction.
This can be attributed to the fact that the target group increased considerably
after appraisal.
Access
to inputs and infrastructure
| The programme
was to provide credit for herd reconstruction, and to continue
and extend the pastoral credit scheme to restock the herds of
poor households initiated by World Food Programme (WFP) and IFAD
in 1987. |
| Planned
|
|
Achieved
|
| Provide credits of USD
500 per household for herd reconstruction through six cooperatives,
with 600 poor households benefiting in the first year of the programme.
These funds were to be used to purchase ten sheep/goats and one
donkey. The cooperatives were to use repaid offspring to provide
other beneficiaries with animals. Animals repaid in excess were
to be sold and the money deposited in a revolving account to operate
other forms of pastoral credit, such as marketing or fattening.
Provide credit for 450 camels (including a small
herd of milking camels and camels for transport) to well managed
cooperatives.
Make available prophylactic animal health care.
Implement water conservation measures. |
|
The livestock component
was held up owing to the Touareg rebellion.
Through a major borehole construction programme,
local water resources were developed, including watering points
for cattle. |
Organizations
and people
| The development
of local institutions was a major programme component. The formulation
report stressed that the development of local institutions was
fundamental to ensuring good management of range resources,
including pasture and water. |
| Planned
|
|
Achieved
|
| Strengthen existing
cooperatives in the programme area by providing:
- training in functional literacy and post-literacy for cooperative
members and officers, especially in the areas of accounting
and management;
- training in primary health care and midwifery;
- technical training in crop and livestock production and
management, and surface water conservation and pasture management
for cooperative members; and
- training for work site supervisors.
Assist in the creation of functional, small-scale
associations with real responsibilities and recognized power
to manage pasture and browse within a defined territory. |
|
No information
on these activities is currently available. |
Range management
Planned |
|
Achieved |
Support pasture improvement,
including improved soil and water conservation measures and
experimentation (on 750 ha of land) with new institutional ways
of conserving and managing regenerated pastures.
Participate in Gao regional initiatives to clarify
and codify pastoral land tenure, with experimental distribution
of dry-season pastures to pilot cooperatives or smaller groupings.
Encourage and facilitate coherent wet- and dry-season
pasture rotation. |
|
Very little information
is currently available regarding these activities. |
Lessons learned
- According to the Project Status Report of 13 November 1999, this unusual
and difficult programme would have benefited from care in the choice
of cooperating institution.
- Due to external circumstances, the nature of the programme changed
drastically during implementation. Under these circumstances, more detailed
M&E might have been appropriate.
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| Project information |
| Beneficiaries: The beneficiaries encompassed approximately 23 000
persons (4 545 households) living in the Kidal area, where the economy
is almost exclusively pastoral and 90-95% of the population is rural and
nomadic. |
| References |
Report and Recommendation of the President to the Executive
Board.
IFAD correspondence.
Project Status Report (13 November 1999).
Programme de sécurité alimentaire et des revenus dans
la zone du Kidal: Rapport d'évaluation.
Kidal Food and Income Security Programme |
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