COP26 Publications

Essential reading on climate and environment for COP26

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Adaptation and resilience

Adaptation and resilience

ASAP Technical Series: Building climate resilience in the Asia Pacific region

November 2021

This study examines six projects, in three principal ecosystems of the region: a mountainous region, wetlands and a river delta.

Adaptation Framework Tool

January 2021

The Adaptation Framework is a repository of adaptation actions for small-scale agriculture, including livestock, forestry, and fisheries. It provides an approach for incorporating adaptation practices into project design.

Transitioning shifting cultivation to resilient farming systems in South and Southeast Asia

July 2021

This resource book and policy briefs provide an overview of the impacts on food availability, ecosystem services and security of tenure in the shift to settled agricultural systems.

The West and Central Africa Advantage: Fighting fragility for smallholder resilience

November 2019

A new report from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) shows that by working with women, men, young people and indigenous peoples as change agents we are best placed to beat back the impact of climate change on rural communities in West and Central Africa (WCA).

The Latin America and Caribbean Advantage: Family farming – a critical success factor for resilient food security and nutrition

December 2019
Development projects that integrate investments in rural indigenous people, youth and women with measures to adapt to climate change are more likely to be successful in Latin America and the Caribbean, according to a new report launched today by the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD).

Research Series Issue 64: How the adoption of drought-tolerant rice varieties impacts households in a non-drought year: Evidence from Nepal

December 2020

Stress-tolerant rice varieties (STRVs) are bred to be high yielding and tolerant to climate shocks such as drought. 

Technologies for Climate-Resilient Smallholder Agriculture: Sharing practices from Brazil with Africa

November 2019

Brazil and Africa share similar environmental, climate and social conditions, and both face similar development challenges. This creates interesting opportunities for South-South collaboration through technology transfer in several areas, including agriculture, climate change mitigation and adaptation, and value chains development.

Fostering Inclusive and Sustainable Agricultural Value Chains: The role of climate-resilient infrastructures for SMEs

February 2020

This study reviews evidence on initiatives that invest in climate-resilient infrastructure to support smallholder farmer organizations and agribusinesses in the micro, small and medium-sized enterprises (MSME) category and, ultimately, to foster inclusive and sustainable agricultural value chains. Case studies from the BRACED and ASAP programmes across sub-Saharan Africa are presented.

Impact assessment: Coastal Climate Resilient Infrastructure Project (CCRIP)

April 2019
Farmers in southwestern Bangladesh, an area prone to natural disasters, are sometimes unable to reach community markets in the monsoon season. 

Climate Adaptation in Rural Development (CARD) Assessment Tool

March 2019

The Climate Adaptation in Rural Development – Assessment Tool (CARD) is a platform to explore the effects of climate change on the yield of major crops. 

What is the Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme (ASAP)?

What is the Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme (ASAP)?

Climate change and small-scale farming: The Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme (ASAP)

October 2020

IFAD’s Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme (ASAP) is the largest multi-donor global fund specifically dedicated to enabling smallholder farmers to adapt and build their resilience to climate change.

The enhanced Adaptation for Smallholder Agriculture Programme (ASAP+)

February 2023

This brochure provides an overview of ASAP+, which is expected to be the largest fund dedicated to channelling climate finance to small-scale producers.

Climate finance

Climate finance

Climate Action Report 2020

November 2021

This third edition of the IFAD Climate Action Report (CAR) describes the efforts that IFAD has made during the year to integrate climate change into every aspect of its plans and operations. 

Leveraging Policy Tools to Improve Impact of Financial Instruments in Sustainable Agriculture, Forestry and Other Land Use (AFOLU)

November 2021

This brief illustrates effective instruments that overcome barriers to investments and leverage existing policy tools and instruments to address sustainable financing in the AFOLU sector.

Climate Action Report 2019

December 2019

The Climate Action Report 2019 provides an overview of IFAD’s work on climate change and reports on progress, challenges and achievements.

An outlook on Asia’s agricultural and rural transformation: Prospects and options for making it an inclusive and sustainable one

June 2019

If the success of Asian countries in transforming their rural economy is measured by the extent to which poverty has declined over the past 20 years, there is no question that their transformation can be regarded as one of the major achievements in human history. However, new problems are overtaking the older ones and Asia is now entering a critical part of its history. 

Examining the climate finance gap for small-scale agriculture

November 2020

In a rapidly changing world, agriculture remains the heart of sustainable development. The risks facing the world in this final decade left to achieve the Sustainable Development Goals are many, but the opportunities are equally numerous.

Biodiversity and natural resource management

Biodiversity and natural resource management

ASAP Technical Series: Nature-based solutions

October 2021

This paper presents key results and lessons learned on NbS, mainly from IFAD’s Adaptation
for Smallholder Agriculture Programme (ASAP) portfolio, to inspire future programmes to
reach greater scale in supporting inclusive rural transformation.

The Biodiversity Advantage: Thriving with nature - biodiversity for sustainable livelihoods and food systems

October 2021

IFAD’s second Biodiversity Advantage report showcases five IFAD projects which highlight the integral importance of biodiversity in agriculture.

Stock-take report on agroecology in IFAD operations: An integrated approach to sustainable food systems

September 2021

This report presents the results of IFAD’s stock-take on agroecology.

Climate change risk assessments

Climate change risk assessments

What can smallholder farmers grow in a warmer world? Climate change and future crop suitability in East and Southern Africa

October 2021

With funding from ASAP2, eight Climate Risk Analysis reports were produced by the University of Cape Town, covering Angola, Lesotho, Malawi, Mozambique, Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia and Zimbabwe.

CACHET - Climate and Commodity Hedging to Enable Transformation

November 2018
The Climate and Commodity Hedging to Enable Transformation (CACHET) initiative supports smallholder farmers against price and climate volatility negatively affecting their revenues.

How to do note: Climate change risk assessments in value chain projects

September 2015
​This HTDN is directed primarily at the design phase of IFAD value chain projects, though it does have some relevance for both pre-design and implementation phases.

Climate and youth

Climate and youth

The Youth Advantage: Engaging young people in green growth

November 2018

In 2030, young people will make up around 15 per cent of the world’s population, and rural youth about 6 per cent. Some regions are even expected to see a “youth bulge” or a significantly higher proportion of young people.

Research Series Issue 49: Climate and jobs for rural young people

December 2019

Climate change matters for all young people, especially for those whose livelihoods depend on agriculture. This study shows that adaptation to climate change is feasible and options increase as new technologies and management approaches come on-stream. 

Climate and nutrition

Climate and nutrition

The Nutrition Advantage: Harnessing nutrition co-benefits of climate-resilient agriculture

September 2017

Climate change and malnutrition are among the greatest problems in the twentyfirst century; they are “wicked problems”, difficult to describe, with multiple causes, and no single solution.

Supporting nutrition-sensitive agriculture through neglected and underutilized species: Operational framework

August 2019

IFAD’s support for the better use of agrobiodiversity with specific reference to neglected and underutilized species (NUS) and a greater recognition of the traditional knowledge of Indigenous Peoples are important for fighting food and nutrition insecurity

Climate and gender

Climate and gender

How to do note: Design of gender transformative smallholder agriculture adaptation programmes

January 2018
This How to Do Note (HTDN) is intended to provide guidance on how to design smallholder agriculture adaptation programmes that consider the differential impacts of climate change on women, men and youth smallholder farmers. This includes recognizing that programme interventions – from design to staffing to capacity development of beneficiaries and local organizations – need to consider how gender will affect sustainability and impact. The experiences, social positions and differing access to resources of marginalized populations are fundamental considerations in the design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of gender transformative smallholder agriculture adaptation programmes.

Climate and livestock

Climate and livestock

The small livestock advantage: A sustainable entry point for addressing SDGs in rural areas

January 2021

This report presents selected achievements and lessons learned from the growing portfolio of small livestock investments supported by IFAD. 

Pasture condition maps in Kyrgyzstan

July 2021

This technical note presents a study that compared the average pasture conditions of the periods of 2000–2004 and 2016–2020 in Kyrgyzstan using remote sensing imagery.

Technical note: Low carbon livestock development in Kyrgyzstan

July 2021

This report presents the potential impact of the planned IFAD-funded Regional Resilient Pastoral Communities Project on greenhouse gas emissions, both in terms of the overall impact of the project, and as a possible input to the update of Kyrgyzstan’s Nationally Determined Contributions (NDC).

Additional languages: English, Spanish, Russian

Land tenure and security

Land tenure and security

How to do note: Securing Women’s Tenure Rights

September 2021

The HtDN complements the IFAD toolkits on Poverty targeting, gender equality and empowerment and the Land Tenure Toolkit.

The Land Tenure Security Advantage: A catalytic asset for sustainable and inclusive rural transformation

July 2020

The Land Tenure Security Advantage presents an overview of IFAD’s engagement in securing land tenure for the rural poor.

How to do note: Access to land for rural youth employment and entrepreneurship

April 2021

This How-to-do Note on access to land for rural youth employment and entrepreneurship complements the Toolkit on land tenure in IFAD-financed operations that highlights the importance of strengthening tenure security for rural development.

Mitigation

Mitigation

Research Series Issue 35: Climate change mitigation potential of agricultural practices supported by IFAD investments An ex ante analysis

March 2019

This study estimates the mitigation potential of agricultural practices supported by IFAD’s current investments in order to provide guidance for the design of future investments. 

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