Savoirs

L'accès à des services d’énergies renouvelables modernes est un facteur clé pour lutter contre la pauvreté et assurer la sécurité alimentaire. 

Vous pouvez découvrir, dans le Rapport annuel 2014, les résultats des activités du FIDA. Le document présente aussi des récits concernant les populations rurales dans lesquelles nous investissons, et évoque les activités de plaidoyer que nous menons pour que les besoins des communautés rurales demeurent en tête des priorités dans l'agenda international pour le développement.

With the mounting awareness of the unmet demand for youth financial services and the growing evidence that serving young people is viable, there is also a need to assess and document the implications for rural areas. This toolkit on Youth Access to Rural Finance aims to contribute to filling that gap.
The Lessons Learned and How To Do Note on this topic provide IFAD country programme managers, project design teams and implementing partners with insights and key guidance on designing and offering appropriate financial services for rural youth. The toolkit on Youth Access to Rural Finance synthesizes best practices and offers examples from around the world.  

Although there have been improvements in YFS access, youth are still lagging significantly behind adults in being able to access financial tools. Across high- and low-income countries, young people are less likely than adults to have a formal account. There are even starker differences related to a country’s income level, with 21 per cent of youth in low-income economies having a formal account compared with 61 per cent in upper-middle-income economies (Demirguc-Kunt et al., 2013). 

Even with this data, determining the exact extent of youth access to financial services can be complicated because there is a lack of consistent data and definitions on youth (see Box 3). The lack of data is more limited for rural areas.
While there is some analysis of the urban-rural gap in access to financial services, with those living in cities significantly more likely to have an account than rural residents (Klapper, 2012), there are currently no comprehensive studies with disaggregated data for rural youth.

En 1977, le FIDA a fait de l’amélioration "du niveau nutritionnel des populations les plus pauvres dans les pays en développement" l’un des principaux objectifs de son accord fondateur.

Depuis, les gouvernements ainsi que les organisations de la société civile et de développement ont également reconnu la place centrale de la nutrition – qui englobe les questions de dénutrition, carences en micronutriments et surpoids – dans la problématique du développement.

Non seulement la nutrition est fonction de la croissance économique, mais, en améliorant le capital humain, elle constitue également un facteur essentiel du développement économique et social. 

Depuis son lancement en décembre 2013, PARM oeuvre en faveur d'une meilleure gestion des risques agricoles (GRA) dans les pays en développement, condition essentielle de l’amélioration des moyens d’existence des agriculteurs. 

​IFAD’s mission is to invest in rural people, with the objective of overcoming poverty. Young people have increasingly become a priority target for IFAD as part of the agency’s fight against rural poverty (IFAD, 2014a).

Climate change is exacerbating natural resource degradation and reducing the potential of productive lands. For example, rural farmers have to contend with climate shocks such as drought, rainfall deficits, floods and locust invasions. These shocks are reducing yields and making the cropping seasons hard to predict for traditional farmers. Traditional resilience strategies are no longer as effective as they were and the lean season is becoming more challenging to smallholder farmers.

Lesotho ranks 158 out of 186 in the UNDP Human Development Index. Poverty is rife, and it is concentrated in the rural areas of the country, with the greatest incidence in the mountain areas. Lesotho's rural economy is dominated by livestock production. Lesotho's chief export is directly related to this livestock, that of wool and mohair production. Lesotho is the second largest global producer of mohair, and this counts towards a large percentage of the country 's Gross Domestic Product (GDP).
Only high quality wool and mohair can be exported, and this is dependent on the quality and health of the livestock. The main factor in raising high quality livestock is maintaining healthy rangelands.

L'eau revêt une importance cruciale pour le développement humain, l'environnement et l'économie. L’accès à l'eau et la sécurité hydrique sont des facteurs déterminants pour améliorer la sécurité alimentaire, accroître les revenus et renforcer les moyens d’existence des communautés rurales. L’accès fiable aux ressources hydriques constitue encore aujourd’hui un enjeu majeur pour des millions de paysans pauvres, principalement dans les zones de culture pluviale, mais aussi pour ceux qui pratiquent une agriculture irriguée. Le changement climatique et l’évolution du régime des pluies qui en résulte représentent une menace pour bien d'autres agriculteurs, qui risquent de perdre leurs acquis en termes de sécurité hydrique et de retomber ainsi dans le piège de la pauvreté. On ne soulignera donc jamais assez la nécessité de renforcer la capacité des communautés à adopter et diffuser les techniques de gestion de l'eau à usage agricole.

IFAD recently resumed operations in Cuba after more than 20 years. The official launch of the Cooperative Rural Development Project in the Oriental Region (PRODECOR) took place on 30 October 2014.
Given the challenges the agricultural sector faces, IFAD is in a position to serve as one of the country’s strategic partners, contributing to the ongoing modernization process.
Cooperatives in Cuba are key actors in ensuring food security, as they represent 80 per cent of the country’s agricultural production. The Government of Cuba has expressed interest in re-establishing the partnership with IFAD with a view to modernizing agriculture.
This will be achieved mainly through developing non-state smallholder farmer business cooperatives. In this respect, IFAD is well placed to provide technical assistance through its projects to increase the physical, human, social and environmental assets of cooperatives.

Plus de 90% de la population est généralement desservie par la téléphonie mobile, y compris dans les pays en développement, c’est pourquoi passer directement aux services bancaires mobiles pourrait permettre de relever la plupart des défis auxquels sont confrontés les destinataires des envois de fonds vivant en milieu rural. 

When we look at the world today, we see impressive gains as well as daunting challenges. The Millennium Development Goal target of halving extreme poverty rates was met at the global level five years ahead of the 2015 deadline. There are now more than 100 middle-income countries, as diverse as Brazil, Lesotho and Vanuatu. It is estimated that developing countries’ share of the global middle-class population will rise from 55 per cent today to 78 per cent by 2025. 

However, amid rising affluence in some countries and regions, there is also growing inequality. In 2015, there will still be 970 million people living in poverty – the vast majority of them in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa. And there remain 842 million chronically undernourished people in the world. Volatile commodity prices bring hunger to the poorest, and instability to markets and societies. Climate change and environmental degradation throw long shadows over all of humanity’s gains. Against this background, we must confront the question of how humankind is going to continue to feed and sustain itself in the future.

This new IFAD strategy responds to these global developments and calls for IFAD to be more systematic and proactive in engaging with the private sector.

The new strategy specifies how IFAD intends to deepen its engagement with the private sector (be it small, medium, or large; domestic, regional, or international companies) with the aim of creating markets for its target groups; improving their access to inputs, services, knowledge and technology; and increasing income-generating or job-creating opportunities for its target populations. For more information please click on the link below. 

This coming year could determine not only whether the world rises to the considerable challenges now facing it—climate change, persistent hunger, increasing inequality, stubborn poverty—but also affecting the fate of generations to come. With a growing population that will exceed 9 billion by 2050, the increasing effects of climate change, a widening gap between rich and poor, and growing competition for resources, the major issues facing humanity cannot wait. Deliberation must give way to deliberate action.

But the global political will to eradicate extreme poverty, hunger and malnutrition within a generation, and the conviction that this is achievable, are growing. An ambitious agenda is emerging in the process of identifying post-2015 development goals. It aims to end poverty everywhere in all its forms, and to end hunger and achieve food security. And it plans to do so sustainably. This would perhaps be one of the greatest steps ever taken to secure the future of humanity and the life of the planet.

Le FIDA a obtenu des résultats importants en matière de promotion d’approches et de processus novateurs d’intégration de l’égalité des sexes favorables aux pauvres dans ses opérations, un domaine dans lequel l’Organisation possède désormais un avantage comparatif. La part des femmes dans les projets appuyés par le FIDA continue de croître, elles représentent désormais la moitié de tous les bénéficiaires. La croissance agricole est plus forte lorsque les femmes, comme les hommes, sont en mesure de participer pleinement aux activités économiques. Lutter contre les inégalités entre les sexes et favoriser l’autonomisation des femmes sont ainsi des objectifs essentiels en vue d’améliorer la sécurité alimentaire et nutritionnelle et de donner aux populations rurales pauvres les moyens de se libérer du joug de la pauvreté. Les faits montrent que dans les économies où l’on observe une plus grande égalité entre les sexes, aussi bien sur le plan des possibilités que des bénéfices, non seulement la croissance économique est supérieure mais la qualité de vie est également meilleure.

Trois quarts des personnes pauvres de la région Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre − environ 90 millions de personnes − vivent dans des zones rurales et dépendent de l’agriculture. Plus de 60% de la population active travaille dans le secteur agricole et la part des femmes ne cesse d’augmenter. Elle est globalement estimée à 70% dans la région et s’élève à 89% dans les pays de la zone sahélienne. Sur le plan sociopolitique, l’Afrique de l’Ouest et du Centre est une région encore très fragile. Elle compte la plus forte concentration d’États appuyés par le FIDA. En dépit de cette fragilité et de la pauvreté qui frappe plus de la moitié de la population, presque tous les pays de la région ont enregistré des progrès considérables au cours de cette dernière décennie, notamment en matière d’éducation, de santé et de redistribution des revenus

En Tunisie, des jeunes femmes ont réussi à monter leurs propres petites entreprises qui produisent et vendent le margoum, broderie traditionnelle d’origine berbère jusqu’alors en voie de disparition.

In Djibouti, pastoral communities have made a clearimprovement in their living conditions with better access to water and strengthened capacity in natural resources conservationa and management.

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, a project co-sponsored by IFAD helped the war-ravaged country make the transition from immediate relief and rehabilitation to long-term sustainable development.

In Yemen, a community-led project for fostering women's empowerment has imporoved the food security of thousands of landless and smallholder famers living in the poorest areas of the country.  

From 2004 to late 2012, the Dhamar Participatory Rural Development Project, cofunded by IFAD and the Government of Yemen, addressed the needs of the rural population in the Dhamar Governorate.  By ensuring the participation of rural people in the decision-making processes and income-generating activities, the project improved the food security of substience farmers and their families in the villages of Dhamar.

In Syria, large areas of degraded land have been turned into arable land thanks to several IFAD projects that managed to combine the sheer power of bulldozers with the long-term commitment of farmers.

In Syria, a sanduq – a local microfinance institution owned and managed by its members – provides much needed loans to poor rural people, with particular attention to women.

In Somalia, much-needed sources of underground water were identified by using advanced geophysical surveys in those same areas where previous trial-and-error drilling had delivered no results.

In Armenia, Macedonia and Moldova, low-cost refinancing capital makes rural investments attractive and profitable for local banks, and reduces rural poverty by stimulating economic growth.

In Macedonia, IFAD trained individuals to become agricultural advisors and assisted them in establishing private companies that today operate in the market for agricultural development services.

In Jordan, the success of a project co-funded by IFAD largely rested on how quickly rural women were able to learn about borrowing money and setting up and running their own small enterprises.

A Holistic Approach to Farming Research In Egypt, land productivity was improved by an IFAD project that created strong links between farmers, research and extension, and raised resource-use efficiency by integrating crops and livestock. The governorates of Fayoum, Beni Sueif and Minia in Upper Egypt extend for about 200 km along the Nile. In this area, land productivity is low and the potential for bringing additional land into production is limited. The only options available to raise the incomes of rural people living in the area are to improve land productivity and intensify land use. This is what an IFAD project has done through a project consisting of three main elements: 1) agricultural research; 2) the dissemination of research findings through extension activity; and 3) the provision of credit necessary to adopt new technologies. The project established an innovative Farming System Research Unit (FSRU), which operated with a holistic approach. That is to say, the FSRU carried out research activities that were adapted to farmers’ real needs and closely linked to extension delivery, and broadened its focus to include livestock – a relatively neglected area in Egypt.

The primary objective of the project was to promote innovative approaches and ICT-based technologies for timely transfer of weather, water-and crop related information and advice to relevant end users in Africa for informed decision-making and enhanced negotiation capacity with water and farm-related service providers.

This policy reinforces IFAD’s position as a leader in promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment in agricultural and rural development. It builds on IFAD’s experience and achievements in field operations and in the broader policy arena in promoting gender equality and women’s empowerment. The policy will provide IFAD with strategic guidance in systematizing, intensifying and scaling up its efforts to close gender gaps and improve the economic and social status of rural women in rapidly changing rural environments.