Series

Este documento expone los resultados de un estudio sobre el Programa de Microfinanciación Rural en Malí. Explora las repercusiones sobre la agencia y el uso de los recursos en los hogares, centrándose en el papel del género a la hora de abordar estas cuestiones.

Este documento presenta dos propuestas de índices para definir y medir la ruralidad: el índice de ruralidad relativa y la contigüidad de zonas de densidades similares.

This third edition of the GEF-IFAD Advantage highlights the partnership's advantages in various domains, including food systems, biodiversity, climate change adaptation and land degradation.

This report is a guide to shape investments by IFAD and other international donors in climate change mitigation actions in the East and Southern Africa region.

Este documento presenta las conclusiones de una revisión bibliográfica de los principales factores que impulsan el sobrepeso y la obesidad, descritos mediante un marco de sistemas alimentarios e ilustrados con ejemplos de cinco países.

China ha experimentado una rápida transformación rural en los últimos 40 años, que ha ido acompañada del aumento de los ingresos de los hogares rurales y la reducción de la pobreza rural. En este documento se examinan la transformación rural de las provincias del país y sus principales logros.

En este documento se examina qué variables climáticas deben recopilarse, y de qué fuentes, para su incorporación a las evaluaciones del impacto.

El artículo se centra en las actividades destinadas a mejorar la gestión de los pastizales, las fuentes suplementarias de alimentos para el ganado y la creación de cadenas de valor ganaderas. 

Este documento describe una estrategia metodológica para incorporar las condiciones meteorológicas y climáticas a largo plazo en las evaluaciones del impacto, sobre la base de un proyecto respaldado por el FIDA en el Chad, en el que se invirtió en el almacenamiento de cereales.

Esta publicación aplica un marco metodológico para incorporar las condiciones meteorológicas actuales y las tendencias climáticas a largo plazo en las evaluaciones del impacto.

This Learning Note showcases the methodology used for assessing the impacts of IFAD's investments on the livelihoods and lives of its project participants.

El principal desafío afrontado por los esfuerzos de adaptación al cambio climático y aumento de la resiliencia radica en la transición a un proceso que contribuya a mejorar los medios de vida, en lugar de amenazarlos.

En este artículo, se describe la función de los animales de abasto en los sistemas alimentarios circulares de los trópicos en cuatro estudios de caso.

En este informe se destacan las tendencias del pasado y se analizan las posibles trayectorias futuras en lo referente a la agricultura en pequeña escala, a fin de predecir quiénes serán los productores del futuro.

A través de un enfoque basado en los sistemas alimentarios, este documento examina las pruebas existentes y analiza las condiciones, los segmentos de la población rural y los plazos necesarios para lograr los resultados deseados.

En este artículo se examina la función del agua en el sistema alimentario de Egipto, así como el dilema que afronta el país: aumentar la autosuficiencia alimentaria destinando los recursos de agua dulce del Nilo a la producción de alimentos, o depender de las importaciones de alimentos procedentes de otras regiones del mundo que cuentan con abundante agua.

El documento concluye que las intervenciones a corto y medio plazo son las más eficaces para mejorar los medios de vida de los campesinos pobres, incluidos la seguridad alimentaria y la salud, el empleo fuera del sector agrícola y la asistencia social.

En este artículo, se examinan los requisitos y mecanismos de certificación de dos productos básicos de exportación —a saber, la banana y el cacao— sobre la base del análisis de los sistemas alimentarios.

En este documento se examina la creciente importancia de las pymes en la transformación de los sistemas alimentarios; su paso de tradicionales a transicionales, primero, y su posterior modernización.

Para crear cadenas de valor alimentarias que sean competitivas e inclusivas es necesario aplicar políticas macroeconómicas a nivel nacional que tengan por objeto mejorar el entorno empresarial del sector agrícola y crear oportunidades externas. Asimismo, es preciso adoptar medidas específicas para ese sector que promuevan la participación de los pequeños productores en cadenas de valor competitivas gracias a la reducción de los costos de acceso a los mercados.

Este documento analiza la manera en que se podría ampliar la escala de la elaboración tradicional de alimentos fermentados y, al mismo tiempo, impulsar las propiedades funcionales de los alimentos y reforzar las cadenas de valor locales.

En este documento se sostiene que la transformación de los sistemas alimentarios debería incorporar una perspectiva nutricional basada en la información y las tendencias alimentarias, la motivación de los consumidores y las características del entorno alimentario.

En este documento de antecedentes se examinan los vínculos y las relaciones entre el empoderamiento de las mujeres, los sistemas alimentarios y la nutrición.

En este documento se brinda un marco para evaluar las dinámicas del bienestar rural y la transformación de los sistemas alimentarios.

En este estudio se examina la manera en que las actividades relativas a los sistemas alimentarios contribuyen al cambio climático, así como la medida en que los cambios en la alimentación influyen en dichos sistemas.

Este documento muestra que, si bien los aumentos previstos en la demanda de alimentos para 2050 pueden satisfacerse en su mayor parte a nivel regional, el posible incremento de los rendimientos o la diversificación no contribuirá de manera automática a la transformación rural inclusiva. En cambio, la urbanización podría llegar a aumentar la desigualdad y la pobreza en las zonas rurales.

 

A pesar de que la inclusión cada vez está cobrando más importancia en la transformación de los sistemas alimentarios, en este artículo se sostiene que los estudios y argumentos recientes sobre la materia resultan insuficientes, y que se precisan medidas específicas para garantizar que dicha transformación no perjudique a las poblaciones rurales.

Sobre la base de los datos recabados a nivel nacional en 85 países de ingreso mediano bajo, en este documento se expone la creación de un índice en materia de sistemas alimentarios, y se analizan los vínculos entre dichos sistemas y las transformaciones a nivel estructural y rural, así como la distribución demográfica.

En este documento se analizan las perspectivas de crear un índice en materia de sistemas alimentarios que plasme algunos de los principales componentes que marcan la diferencia en lo que respecta a los resultados de los sistemas alimentarios a nivel de los países.

El estudio se centra en los desafíos afrontados para aumentar las ambiciones de naturaleza política, armonizar los objetivos de producción con los de consumo, reforzar la capacidad de respuesta de los sistemas alimentarios y consolidar la gobernanza inclusiva y participativa de estos sistemas.

Esta nota ofrece una orientación práctica sobre cómo poner en marcha el Sistema de Aprendizaje Activo de Género (GALS) en los proyectos financiados por el FIDA.

Comprender la demanda del mercado es un paso fundamental en el proceso de desarrollo de soluciones para satisfacer las necesidades de gestión de riesgos de la población rural pobre, especialmente en lo que respecta a los seguros.

Este documento ofrece al personal del FIDA, a los consultores y a los asociados en los países orientación práctica para solicitar el consentimiento libre, previo e informado durante el diseño y la ejecución de proyectos y programas financiados por el FIDA, de conformidad con las políticas y procedimientos de la institución.

El segundo informe Biodiversity Advantage del FIDA muestra cinco proyectos del FIDA que ponen de relieve la importancia integral de la biodiversidad en la agricultura.

El programa de asistencia técnica del FIDA INSURED (Seguro para la resiliencia rural y el desarrollo económico) ha estado acumulando conocimientos sobre la forma de fortalecer el acceso de las mujeres productoras a los seguros contra el riesgo climático.

En este estudio se investiga cómo las percepciones de la disponibilidad física del agua en el pasado están relacionadas con el comportamiento actual de los agricultores en materia de riego: frecuencia de riego y métodos utilizados para determinar la necesidad de riego.

Prototyping aims to gather direct feedback on the solution and the wider insurance scheme, incorporate changes before pilot testing, and make any additional adjustments before the official roll-out.

Este análisis investiga el mecanismo potencial y la importancia práctica de los impactos del desarrollo de la cadena de valor agrícola en una zona rural geográficamente difícil de un país en desarrollo.

Esta Guía práctica es parte de una serie de cinco notas que acompañan al marco operativo de NUS.

Esta Guía práctica es parte de una serie de cinco notas que acompañan al marco operativo de NUS.

Esta Guía práctica es parte de una serie de cinco notas que acompañan al marco operativo de NUS.

Esta Guía práctica es parte de una serie de cinco notas que acompañan al marco operativo de NUS.

Esta Guía práctica es parte de una serie de cinco notas que acompañan al marco operativo de NUS.

This report presents selected achievements and lessons learned from the growing portfolio of small livestock investments supported by IFAD. 

Stress-tolerant rice varieties (STRVs) are bred to be high yielding and tolerant to climate shocks such as drought. 

PSSA aimed to unlock rural development and poverty reduction in Peru by supporting the design and implementation of business plans created by Producer Associations, targeting two of the country’s poorest regions.

 In this paper, particular attention is given to the identification and promotion of productivity and resilience enhancing agricultural practices. 

La Ventaja de la Seguridad de la Tenencia de la Tierra presenta un panorama general de la participación del FIDA en la seguridad de la tenencia de la tierra para los pobres de las zonas rurales.

Rice farmers in the mid-hills region of Nepal are vulnerable to drought, which can drastically reduce yields. Stress-tolerant rice varieties can mitigate this vulnerability, as can having a high seed replacement rate and using best management practices in rice cultivation.

The Rural Communities Development in the Poorest Areas of the State of Bahia (Project Gente de Valor) was designed to strengthen the capacity of rural communities to thrive in the drought-prone environment of Brazil's north-east region through improved access to water, increased productive capacity, and empowerment of participating communities. 

This is a baseline report for the impact assessment of the Yield Uganda Investment Fund (YUIF), an investment fund that provides targeted financing to small and medium agribusinesses (SMAs) to help them overcome barriers to accessing capital.

Baseline report for the impact assessment of the Yield Investment Uganda Fund (YUF), an investment fund that provides targeted financing to small and medium agribusinesses (SMAs) to help them overcome barriers to accessing capital.

En este documento se examinan la situación de los jóvenes de las zonas rurales y las oportunidades económicas de África, utilizando un conjunto de documentos de políticas de varios países africanos y organizaciones regionales e internacionales.

Los países de la región del Cercano Oriente, África del Norte, Europa y Asia Central, se enfrentan a un sin número de problemas sociales, económicos y políticos que han paralizado sus procesos de transformación estructural y rural. 

Este estudio ofrece una idea general de la situación que los jóvenes rurales viven en América Latina y el Caribe.

This study characterizes the structural and rural transformation of the Asia and the Pacific region.

This study presents a framework to analyse the political economy of rural youth policy and institutions’ opportunity space with a quadrant that measures the extent to which rural youth are a priority in policies and institutions versus the extent that governments have to effectively implement rural youth policies.

This study analyses how migrants positively contribute to the sustainable economic development of rural youth in their countries of origin.

This study takes a unique look at the determinants of youth migration across seven different countries using recently collected data.

Si bien los conflictos suelen definirse como "lo opuesto al desarrollo", generalmente hay una falta de información que se centre solo en los jóvenes que viven en las zonas rurales.

This study examines the intersections between youth access to land, migration decisions and employment opportunities in various African countries.

This analysis reviews existing research on the impact of digital initiatives on youth in the education, agriculture, financial and employment sectors.

En este estudio se analiza la financiación inclusiva y a la juventud rural mediante una investigación de vanguardia con nuevas ideas y enfoques que han surgido a lo largo de los años en este campo.

In this study, we show that rural transformation processes are associated with improvements in rural youth nutrition – malnutrition and underweight – in nearly all regions, although the pace of change varies considerably across countries.

El cambio climático es importante para todos los jóvenes. Es particularmente importante para aquellos cuyos medios de vida dependen de la agricultura.  Este estudio demuestra que la adaptación al cambio climático es factible y que las opciones aumentan a medida que aparecen nuevas tecnologías y enfoques de gestión.

Research on rural youth aspirations suggests that many young people are not averse to agriculture as such, but to agriculture’s current neglected condition

This study is motivated by the consistent portrayal of agriculture and the broader rural economy in Africa as domains of opportunity for rural youth. 

A key lesson is that lack of technical skills does not seem to be the biggest obstacle youth face in entering the labour force. Evidence on agricultural extension programmes suggests that peer-to-peer learning works best.

Este estudio se centra en la participación en los procesos de toma de decisiones y en cómo se podrían beneficiar los jóvenes del medio rural de sus conclusiones en proyectos e iniciativas de desarrollo.

This study analyses sex-disaggregated data from various countries to characterize rural youths’ transition to adulthood by gender. 

Little is known about the economic activities of rural youth. This study provides empirical evidence on this gap in literature. 

This study uses the concept of the Rural Opportunity Space from economic geography literature to shed light on these questions. 

Building on United Nations data, this study analyses how past growth of the youth population was dramatic in Asia and the Pacific, while projections suggest a sharp rise in the youth population of sub-Saharan Africa until 2050.  

Este informe ofrece los resultados de estos esfuerzos para evaluar el impacto corporativo de las inversiones del FIDA para el período de la Décima Reposición de Recursos del FIDA (FIDA10) de 2016 a 2018.

Según un nuevo informe presentado hoy por el Fondo Internacional de Desarrollo Agrícola (FIDA), los proyectos de desarrollo que integran las inversiones en los pueblos indígenas rurales, los jóvenes y las mujeres con medidas para adaptarse al cambio climático tienen más probabilidades de tener éxito en América Latina y el Caribe.

A new report from the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) shows that by working with women, men, young people and indigenous peoples as change agents we are best placed to beat back the impact of climate change on rural communities in West and Central Africa (WCA).

En el presente informe se exponen una serie de logros y enseñanzas extraídas de la creciente cartera de inversiones en los sectores de la pesca y la acuicultura que cuentan con el apoyo del FIDA.

This How-to-do Note is a practical step by step operational guidance on mainstreaming nutrition in IFAD-supported country strategies and investment projects for use by IFAD staff, consultants and partners.

This is the first study to quantify the general equilibrium impacts of introducing a new cash crop into a poor isolated economy, including impacts on environmentally sensitive fishing activities.

Around one third of the food globally produced is estimated to be lost or wasted along the supply chain. These losses affect disproportionally developing countries.

There are different views around the future of smallholder agriculture and its potential to contribute to the needed transformations of agriculture and rural economies. 

The Coastal Community Development Project (CCDP), implemented between 2013 and 2017, was designed to reduce poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth in 12 coastal districts of Indonesia.

Agriculture and rural development research will play a critical role in meeting the ambitious targets under SDGs 1 and 2. 

This study is an analysis of what drives cofinancing in IFAD-supported programmes/projects, covering 20 years of data from 559 projects in 109 countries.

The Participatory Smallholder Agriculture and Artisanal Fisheries Development Programme (PAPAFPA) and the Smallholder Commercial Agriculture Project (PAPAC) are complementary projects designed to improve the livelihoods of smallholders in Sao Tomé and Príncipe. PAPAFPA, which has now closed, created farmers’ cooperatives to improve the development of organic cacao, coffee, and pepper value chains through increased commercialization in domestic and niche export markets.

This analysis examines the dynamics of youth employment in agriculture and the agri-food system in Tanzania and Malawi.

Farmers in southwestern Bangladesh, an area prone to natural disasters, are sometimes unable to reach community markets in the monsoon season. 

From 2011 to 2016, the Plan VIDA project in Bolivia was implemented to address extreme poverty in rural areas by increasing the incomes and assets of rural people in the departments of Potosí and Cochabamba of the Plurinational State of Bolivia

En este estudio se estima el potencial de mitigación de las prácticas agrícolas apoyadas por las inversiones actuales del FIDA con el fin de orientar el diseño de futuras inversiones.

This paper considers the relationship between farm size and productivity patterns across countries and within countries. 

Dentro de los resultados de esta investigación se encuentra la presentación y el análisis de las experiencias de los siguientes proyectos y programas financiados por el FIDA...

Despite decades of research and development of technologies and innovations which improve farming practices and productivity, small farmers in Tanzania continue to use technologies and practices which do not favour high yields and economic returns. 

Este estudio examina el impacto de la investigación agrícola sobre la pobreza y el nivel de vida, mediante una revisión sistemática de evaluaciones de impacto experimentales y cuasi experimentales de variedades mejoradas difundidas por el CGIAR entre 2007 y 2015.

The Guangxi Integrated Agricultural Development Project (GIADP) was implemented in 623 Administrative Villages in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region of China to increase income of smallholder farmers by developing community infrastructures

The Rural Development Support Programme in Guéra (PADER-G) was implemented to improve the food security and livelihoods of farmers living in remote areas of Guéra, a drought-prone and conflict-ridden region of Chad. 

The Project for Rural Income through Exports in Rwanda, known by its acronym PRICE, aims to increase returns to farmers through the development of export-driven value chains for coffee, tea, sericulture and horticulture.

The Irrigated Rice Production Enhancement Project (IRPEP) was implemented between 2010 and 2015 to improve the rice productivity and livelihoods of smallholder farmers who cultivate on Communal Irrigation Schemes in three regions (Western Visayas, Central Visayas and Northern Mindanao) of the Philippines. 

The High-Value Agriculture Project in Hill and Mountain Areas (HVAP) integrated farmers living in the remote hill and mountain areas of Mid-Western Nepal into the local economy of goats and high-valued crops such as apples and Sichuan pepper (timur). 

Deforestation and unsustainable management practices have had a significant impact on the livelihoods of poor rural communities in the forest areas of Campeche, Chiapas and Oaxaca states in Mexico. 

In Khatlon Oblast, the poorest region of Tajikistan, decades of overgrazing has degraded pastoral land leading to low milk and meat  production, food insecurity and malnutrition in rural areas.

Rural people in the Ethiopian highlands depend mainly on rain-fed subsistence farming for their livelihoods.

The Agricultural Value Chains Support Project (PAFA) aimed to improve the livelihoods of smallholder farmers in Senegal’s Groundnut Basin. 

Este trabajo busca comprender mejor el contexto en el que operan las pequeñas explotaciones agrícolas.

En 2030, los jóvenes representarán alrededor del 15 % de la población mundial, y la juventud rural alrededor del 6 %. En algunas regiones se espera que se produzca un aumento sin precedentes en la población de jóvenes.

Investments in irrigation systems have been shown to substantially improve farmers’ productivity, and thus alleviate poverty. This study provides an example of such an investment: the Participatory Small-Scale Irrigation Development Programme. 

La publicación Cadenas de valor que tienen en cuenta la nutrición: guía para el diseño de proyectos tiene por objeto cerrar una laguna clave en los conocimientos relativos a la incipiente esfera de la relación entre las cadenas de valor y la nutrición, por cuanto brinda orientación sobre la manera de diseñar proyectos de cadenas de valor que tengan en cuenta la nutrición, con especial hincapié en los pequeños productores.

This paper addresses an important gap regarding the systematic knowledge and evidence on how value chains can contribute to nutrition, while remaining financially viable and inclusive of smallholder farmers. 

This paper explores the conditions for collective action to generate inclusion when agriculture transforms. 

This study estimates the impact of agricultural research, specifically improved maize seeds varieties, on agricultural productivity and welfare in Uganda using a three-wave panel survey. 

Este informe refleja los esfuerzos constantes del FIDA por generar datos que sirvan de base para la toma de decisiones a nivel institucional y de proyectos.

This paper uses the available cross-country data to analyse the causes for the increase in the disparity between rural and urban areas in Asia. 

​In 2014, the International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) released a report celebrating achievements through its partnership with the Global Environment Facility (GEF). Since then, the world has been responding to critical environmental and climate challenges.

​With private contributions becoming increasingly pivotal to global climate finance, it is evident that scaling up and channeling private capital is crucial in meeting the goal of achieving the Paris Agreement and limiting global warming to two degrees Celsius above the pre-industrial level.

Pastoralism is a way of life based on territorial mobility, adopted in response to the challenges faced by human communities living in harsh or difficult environments.

Policy engagement is a difficult activity to accurately monitor and evaluate, particularly when development agencies are interested in attributing impact to their efforts. 

The toolkit focuses on end-user finance for renewable energy technologies for rural households, smallholder farmers, and rural micro, small and medium enterprises.

This paper aims to identify the main drivers of poverty reduction in Malawi. Using an augmented poverty decomposition methodology, it explores in what way the different farm and non-farm economic activities contribute to poverty reduction and income growth. 

This paper aims to explore the influence of nutrition-sensitive interventions on dietary profiles of the beneficiaries of IFAD-funded projects.

This paper analyses the channels through which growth reduces poverty by evaluating the relationship between the sectoral composition of economic growth and the rural-urban composition of poverty. 

This paper analyses the relation between urbanization and poverty reduction, by exploring the role of secondary towns, mega cities and rural non-agricultural sector in relation to poverty reduction.

La agricultura comienza con las semillas. Sin semillas no puede haber cultivos ni producción de alimentos. Cuando las cosechas son malas o las reservas se pierden, surge la inseguridad en materia de semillas, lo que puede afectar negativamente la seguridad alimentaria y los medios de vida.

This paper challenges the traditional view that portrays income maximization as the main driver of migration and tests whether relative deprivation and social inequality lead to migration in sub-Saharan Africa. Examining data from the Living Standards Measurements Study – Integrated Surveys in Agriculture (LSMS-ISA) from Tanzania, Ethiopia, Malawi, Nigeria and Uganda, the paper finds that a household’s migration decision is based not only on its well-being status, but also on the position of the household relative to the wealth distribution in the local community. Results indicate that relative deprivation of wealth was positively associated with migration, implying a need to renew the discussion of relative deprivation and social inequality as a cause of migration in sub-Saharan Africa.

Among ecosystems services, freshwater is one of the most fundamental for life. For smallholders, water means the difference between a decent life and poverty, hunger and malnutrition. 

This How to Do Note (HTDN) is intended to provide guidance on how to design smallholder agriculture adaptation programmes that consider the differential impacts of climate change on women, men and youth smallholder farmers. This includes recognizing that programme interventions – from design to staffing to capacity development of beneficiaries and local organizations – need to consider how gender will affect sustainability and impact. The experiences, social positions and differing access to resources of marginalized populations are fundamental considerations in the design, implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of gender transformative smallholder agriculture adaptation programmes.

This paper examines the transformation and diversification of the rural economy in Asia, focusing on the role and importance of the rural non-farm economy and employment in economic transformation and related diversification of employment and income opportunities for rural communities.

The Women’s Empowerment in Agriculture Index (WEAI) can be a useful tool to measure the empowerment, agency and inclusion of women in the agriculture sector. However, computing the WEAI in its current form involves large data requirements, resulting in lengthy surveys with several questions on various dimensions and indicators within each dimension. This paper proposes a reduced version of the WEAI, or the R-WEAI, and examines two possible approaches to reduce the data requirements while ensuring comparability to the full WEAI.

Agriculture and fisheries, the backbone of food security and nutrition for coastal communities and globally, are under threat. 

Cash transfer and agricultural support programmes are both used to improve nutrition outcomes in developing countries. This paper examines previous reviews of the impact of these programmes and compares the evidence between the two. The paper finds that, although there are about the same number of programmes of each type, many more papers have been written about the cash transfer programmes than the agricultural programmes. While evidence suggests that both programme types improved the quality of food consumption, the paper concludes that both types show weak evidence of improvements in anthropometric outcomes.

The Smallholder Dairy Commercialization Programme (SDCP) aimed to foster market-driven development of the informal dairy sector in Kenya. 

In Madagascar, the Project to Support Development in the Menabe and Melaky Regions (AD2M) aimed to improve the livelihoods of poor farmers by strengthening their tenure security and access to well-functioning irrigation systems.

This study describes the shifting age and sex patterns of populations across rural and urban sectors in sub‑Saharan Africa from 1980 to 2015. It examines the relationship between the slowdown in urbanization and rural and urban age structure gaps, sex composition and dependency ratios. Findings show that rural-urban migration of young adults plays a key role in explaining dependency ratios and sex compositional gaps in rural and urban areas. Results also highlight the value of taking into account local age and sex structures to better prepare for the demographic dividend and other consequences of demographic shifts in sub-Saharan Africa.

Climate change and malnutrition are among the greatest problems in the twentyfirst century; they are “wicked problems”, difficult to describe, with multiple causes, and no single solution.

This issue presents and analyses experiences from the following IFAD-funded projects and programmes:
Ethiopia: Pastoral Community Development Project; Nepal: Leasehold Forestry and Livestock Programme; Palestine: Participatory Natural Resource Management Programme; Peru: Project for Strengthening Assets, Markets and Rural Development in the Northern Highlands (Sierra Norte); Sierra Leone: Rehabilitation and Community-based Poverty Reduction Project

This paper describes the Participatory Impact Assessment and Learning Approach (PIALA) which was developed and piloted by IFAD. The approach aims to produce rigorous qualitative and quantitative evidence that can be used not only to identify and assess the impacts of development projects, but also to promote learning and improved understanding of the associated processes and pathways of socio-economic change. Illustrated with cases from Viet Nam and Ghana, the paper assesses the value of the approach for collaborative learning and reporting for IFAD’s country programming and global policy engagement, as well as for the wider development community.

Remittances have increased in low-income and lower- middle-income countries in recent years, playing an important role as a stable source of finance at the macro-level, and in poverty reduction at the micro-level. 

Drawing on a critical review of the literature and econometric analyses based on cross-country panel data, this study examines the relationships among remittances, growth and poverty reduction in Asia and the Pacific and highlights policy implications to be considered by governments and policy-makers.

This paper investigates the trends and the influencing factors of IFAD’s project disbursement performance over the past 20 years. Based on data from 577 projects in 111 countries, the study finds that disbursement of funds are often delayed and time-consuming.

Using econometric analysis, the study assesses the internal and external factors affecting the amount and timeliness of disbursements, and provides important lessons on how international financial institutions such as IFAD can better monitor and manage this important aspect of their development effectiveness. 

Describe el contexto y los beneficios de la focalización y la igualdad de género en el desarrollo rural y agrícola y la respuesta del FIDA en el plano normativo. 

Graduation out of chronic poverty has recently been receiving considerable attention by the global development community for its potential synergies with social protection, microfinance and livelihoods development approaches to poverty reduction. 

This paper examines the evidence regarding the effectiveness of graduation strategies in reducing extreme poverty, with a focus on rural households, and proposes a new analytical framework to support future work on graduation as a learning and adaptation process in development practice.

Project Completion Reports (PCRs) are a critical tool for development organizations, both for accountability purposes, and as a means of learning from project experience to inform the design of future operations. This paper analyses a sample of PCRs from IFAD to assess the extent to which evidence is used to determine a project's effectiveness in bringing about development. 

The report finds that most claims on results are not supported by evidence, and discusses implications for the objective measurement of development effectiveness.

This paper analyses how food safety challenges and requirements affect smallholder farmers' access to markets. High food safety standards in destination countries force governments of developing countries to make strategic choices about establishing domestic standards and upgrading the infrastructure and knowledge base of smallholder farmers.

The paper suggests mechanisms that can be used to respond to these challenges, to enable smallholder inclusion in different markets.

This issue presents and analyses experiences from the following IFAD-funded projects and programmes:

Brazil: Sustainable Development Project for Agrarian Reform; Settlements in the Semi-arid North-east (Dom Hélder Câmara Project);

China: South Gansu Poverty Reduction Programme;

Ghana: Rural Enterprises Programme; Morocco: Rural Development Project in the Mountain Zones of Al-Haouz Province; 

Uganda: Vegetable Oil Development Project.

This paper provides an overview of concepts, issues and research on the relationship between financial inclusion and inclusive rural transformation.

It demonstrates how changing demand for financial services, innovations in rural finance, and different investment strategies affect the interplay of supply and demand.

This paper analyses how different types of social protection interventions affect rural livelihoods. It examines how these interventions can help rural transformation by increasing productivity and asks how they can influence inclusiveness.

Using country-level evidence, it suggests that the effectiveness of social protection depends upon specific contexts and combinations of interventions, and asks what this means for building policy. 

This paper seeks to answer three main questions: (i) What are fragile states and situations and how do they relate to issues of inclusive
structural and rural transformation? (ii) In three selected case studies of diverse fragile situations (in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, the Republic of Haiti and the Republic of the Sudan – drawing on IFAD financed programme and country experience), what have been the key elements of structural and rural transformation and to what extent has rural transformation been inclusive? (iii) In these cases, how does fragility affect the inclusiveness of rural transformation? Which policies and approaches can successfully promote inclusive rural transformation in
fragile situations?

Conservation agriculture (CA) in sub-Saharan Africa has multiple, but often very specific, niches for investment that need to be understood to support its inclusion and implementation in projects.

​Smallholder farmers use different strategies to improve their market presence and to capture more value added in the agricultural sector. These strategies include the creation of cooperatives and other farmers’ organizations (FOs).

This paper examines the impact of IFAD-supported projects so as to learn lessons for future projects. It analyses the different methods used by IFAD to measure a project's impact, finds that IFAD is improving the well-being of rural people, and recommends that impact assessments be built into future projects from their inception.

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​Biodiversity is about more than plants, animals, and micro-organisms and their ecosystems – the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD, 1992) recognizes that it is also very much about people and our need for food security, medicines, fresh air, shelter, and a clean and healthy environment. Biodiversity is also essential for the maintenance of ecosystem-based services, such as the provision of water and food for human, animal and plant life. When we make an effort to conserve biodiversity, we are helping to maintain critical global biological resources to meet our needs today as well as those of future generations. Biodiversity conservation is therefore central to achieving recent global commitments for sustainable development under “Agenda 2030”, adopted by the United Nations in 2015. The International Fund for Agricultural Development (IFAD) recognizes that losing biodiversity means losing opportunities for coping with future challenges, such as those posed by climate change and food insecurity. 

​This report is aimed at readers who seek to build economic evidence in support of the inclusion of actions on agriculture in climate change plans and programmes, particularly at the national level under the umbrella of nationally determined contributions (NDCs) to the December 2015 Paris Agreement, which aims to restrict a rise in global temperatures and manage risks. Agriculture is a sector especially sensitive to climate change. It also accounts for significant emissions and is, therefore, a priority for both adaptation and mitigation plans and actions at global, national and local levels.