Water stress is the risk with the most potential impact on the livelihoods of poor rural communities. More than a billion people live in water-scarce regions, and as many as 3.5 billion could face water scarcity by 2025. Growing populations, expanding cities, climate change and unsustainable resource management all increase water stress on rural communities.

Flooding, landslides and salt water intrusion into freshwater systems are worsened by increased climate variability and shocks. Degradation of ecosystems also affects the three core dimensions of water resource management: quantity, quality and disaster risk management.

More efficient and effective water use

Investing in policies and local institutions can lead to better governance and management of land and water resources, thereby increasing water security for rural women and men.

Better conflict resolution mechanisms and local land and water allocation systems can secure equal access and user rights for various groups. Investments in infrastructure and technology can increase water availability and lead to more efficient use.

Conservation management of catchment areas and aquifers also help achieve sustainable access to water for the rural poor.

Enhancing water security for the most vulnerable

IFAD works closely with rural communities, traders, retailers and local governments to improve the allocation and management of water resources.

In recent decades, IFAD has worked with governments to move policies and legislation toward a more integrated and participatory approach to water resource management.

IFAD also works to improve local allocation and management of land and water resources to empower poor rural people to participate in managing the  resources on which they depend.